Batteries
EV Battery Grid Storage
Global Battery Storage Installations
Annual installations of ESS = Energy Storage Systems (utility-scale battery farms that store renewable energy and discharge back to the grid), by region, in GWh (gigawatt-hours of energy capacity). China is ~60% of global deployments.
Tesla Energy Storage Deployments
Tesla Energy quarterly deployments in GWh (gigawatt-hours of battery capacity shipped). Bars = each quarter; line = cumulative. Includes Megapack (utility-scale ESS) and Powerwall (residential). Tesla deployed 31+ GWh in 2024.
Largest Battery Storage Projects Worldwide
Major grid-scale ESS (Energy Storage System) projects by site, operator, battery supplier, and capacity in MWh/GWh. Most projects pair solar/wind generation with storage so renewable output is available after sunset.
| Project | Location | Capacity | Power (MW) | Operator | Battery Supplier | Status | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moss Landing Phase I–IV | Moss Landing, California, US | 3.0 GWh | 750 | Vistra Energy | LG Energy Solution | Operational (Phase I damaged in Jan 2025 fire; Phases II-IV operating) | 2024 |
| Edwards & Sanborn | Kern County, California, US | 5.0 GWh | 1,250 | Terra-Gen | Tesla Megapack | Operational | 2024 |
| Waratah Super Battery | Hunter Valley, NSW, Australia | 1.7 GWh | 850 | Akaysha Energy (BlackRock) | Tesla Megapack | Operational | 2023 |
| Gateway Energy Storage | San Diego, California, US | 1.2 GWh | 250 | LS Power | Samsung SDI | Operational | 2023 |
| Ningxia Baofeng | Ningxia, China | 4.0 GWh | 1,000 | Baofeng Energy | CATL | Operational | 2024 |
| Xinjiang Midong ESS | Xinjiang, China | 5.6 GWh | 1,400 | State Grid Xinjiang | BYD | Under Construction | 2025 |
| Blackhillock BESS | Scotland, UK | 1.5 GWh | 300 | SSE / Harmony Energy | Tesla Megapack | Under Construction | 2025 |
| Crimson Storage | Riverside County, California, US | 1.4 GWh | 350 | Recurrent Energy (Canadian Solar) | CATL | Operational | 2023 |
| Hornsdale Power Reserve | South Australia | 194 MWh | 150 | Neoen | Tesla Megapack | Operational | 2020 |
US Utility-Scale Battery Storage Capacity
EIA cumulative operating power capacity. The US fleet went from 1.65 GW at end-2020 to 43.6 GW at end-2025, then nearly 52 GW by mid-2026.
CAISO Battery Fleet vs US Total, End-2024
CAISO's balancing area held about 13 GW of batteries in December 2024, roughly half of the EIA US utility-scale total of 26 GW. CAISO is a grid footprint, not the state of California.
US Transmission Queue: Active Storage
Lawrence Berkeley Lab Queued Up. Active storage in interconnection queues fell from 890 GW at end-2024 to 749 GW at end-2025. Almost all of it is batteries, and most queued megawatts will never be built.
Fluence Energy Storage Products Deployed
Cumulative GW and GWh deployed at Fluence fiscal year-end (30 September), plus contracted backlog. FY2025 ended at 6.8 GW / 17.8 GWh deployed and 9.1 GW of product backlog.
Global ESS vs EV Battery Shipments (SNE Research)
SNE Research figures cited in CATL's 2025 annual report. ESS cell shipments reached 550 GWh in 2025, up 79%, while EV power-battery usage reached 1,187 GWh. 2024 bars are back-calculated from those growth rates.
Company-Disclosed Storage Volumes
Tesla energy deployed, CATL ESS cell sales, and Fluence cumulative deployments. The three metrics are not interchangeable; the table is a disclosure map, not a ranking.
| Company | Metric | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tesla Energy TSLA | Energy storage deployed (calendar year) (GWh) | 14.7 | 31.4 | 46.7 | Sum of Tesla-reported quarterly deployments. Includes Megapack and Powerwall. 2026 Q1 was 8.8 GWh. |
CATL 300750.SZ | Energy storage battery sales (calendar year) (GWh) | 69 | 93 | 121 | Company annual-report sales of ESS batteries, not installed projects. SNE ranked CATL first in global ESS cell shipments for a fifth year in 2025 (30.4% share). |
Fluence Energy FLNC | Cumulative products deployed (fiscal year-end 30 Sep) (GWh) | n/d | 12.8 | 17.8 | Cumulative stock, not annual. FY2025 also 6.8 GW deployed and 9.1 GW contracted backlog. FY2023 not disclosed in the FY2025 comparison table. |
China New-Type Energy Storage Additions
CNESA, as cited by CATL: China added 189.5 GWh of new-type (mostly battery) storage in 2025, up 73%. 2024 is implied from that growth rate. Excludes pumped hydro.
IEA Battery Storage: 2023 Actuals vs 2030 NZE
IEA Batteries and Secure Energy Transitions (April 2024). 2023 additions were 42 GW / more than 90 GWh. The 2030 Net Zero pathway has 1,200 GW of batteries inside 1,500 GW of all energy storage.
| Metric | Value | Period | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Annual battery storage additions (power) | 42 GW | 2023 | IEA: fastest-growing commercially available energy technology in 2023, more than doubling year on year. |
| Annual battery storage additions (energy) | >90 GWh | 2023 | Utility-scale plus behind-the-meter. Behind-the-meter was 35% of annual growth. |
| Battery storage energy in use | >190 GWh | 2023 | Installed stock, energy terms. |
| NZE battery storage power capacity | 1,200 GW | 2030 | Fourteen-fold rise from 2023. Batteries deliver 90% of storage growth. |
| NZE all energy storage | 1,500 GW | 2030 | Includes pumped hydro, compressed air and flywheels. Six-fold increase from 2023. |
| Battery pack market value (EV plus storage) | USD 120 billion | circa 2024 | IEA current global value. |
| STEPS battery pack market value | USD 330 billion | 2030 | Stated Policies Scenario. |
| NZE battery pack market value | USD 500 billion | 2030 | Net Zero Emissions by 2050 scenario. |
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