Autonomy

Autonomous Driving Robotaxis

Weekly Robotaxi Rides by Operator

Robotaxi = driverless ride-hailing service (Uber, but no human driver). Estimated number of paid passenger rides per week, by operator: the closest commercial proxy for which company is winning the AV race.

Robotaxi Operational Cities

World map of cities where robotaxis (driverless ride-hailing) run commercially or have permits to test on public roads, color-coded by operator. Shows the geographic footprint of each company's rollout.

Commercial

Testing

Suspended

Waymo

6 commercial1 testing

Phoenix, AZ(2020)San Francisco, CA(2023)Los Angeles, CA(2023)Austin, TX(2024)Atlanta, GA(2024)Miami, FL(2025)Las Vegas, NV(2026)

Baidu Apollo Go

6 commercial

Wuhan(2022)Beijing(2021)Shenzhen(2022)Chongqing(2022)Shanghai(2023)Guangzhou(2023)

Pony.ai

4 commercial

Beijing(2020)Shanghai(2025)Guangzhou(2020)Shenzhen(2021)

WeRide

2 commercial2 testing

Guangzhou(2019)Abu Dhabi(2022)Singapore(2023)Riyadh(2025)

Tesla

7 commercial1 testing

Austin, TX(2025)San Francisco, CA(2025)Dallas, TX(2026)Houston, TX(2026)Phoenix, AZ(announced 2026)Miami, FL(2026)Orlando, FL(2026)Tampa, FL(2026)Las Vegas, NV(5,000 approved)

Zoox (Amazon)

2 commercial1 testing

Foster City, CA(2023)Las Vegas, NV(2025)San Francisco, CA(2025)

Cruise (GM)

San Francisco, CA(2022)

Mobileye

5 testing

Jerusalem(2021)Munich(2022)Detroit, MI(2022)New York, NY(2022)Tokyo(2023)

Aurora

2 commercial2 testing

Dallas, TX(2024)Houston, TX(2024)Pittsburgh, PA(2020)El Paso, TX(2025)

DiDi

3 testing

Shanghai(2020)Guangzhou(2022)Beijing(2023)

Tesla Robotaxi City Rollout

Every Tesla Robotaxi city Tesla has named, and what is actually running. Fleet counts where trackers published them; status only where Tesla has not.

In service

San Francisco Bay Area: 130 vehicles, safety driver, 950K miles
Austin: 42 vehicles, mixed unsupervised, 1.25M miles
Dallas: 3 vehicles, unsupervised, 18K miles
Houston: 3 vehicles, unsupervised, 17K miles
Miami: public rides since Jul 3, 2026; fleet not disclosed
Orlando: public rides since Jul 21, 2026; fleet not disclosed
Tampa: public rides since Jul 21, 2026; fleet not disclosed

Not in service

Phoenix: Announced for 1H 2026, still not launched
Las Vegas: Approved for 5,000 cars, no public rides

Tesla Robotaxi Fleet Mix

What is actually on the road: tracked cars, cars taking riders, unsupervised cars, and Cybercabs in test.

Robotaxi Fleet Size by Company

How many self-driving vehicles each operator has on the road right now. Fleet size is the bottleneck for scaling. Waymo runs ~700 cars, Baidu's Apollo Go runs ~400.

Robotaxi Milestones Timeline

Key milestones: first test, first public ride, commercial launch, and expansion events

Jan 2009

WaymoLaunch

Google Self-Driving Car Project launched

Jun 2014

ZooxLaunch

Founded to build a purpose-built autonomous robotaxi from scratch

Oct 2014

MobileyeMilestone

IPO on NYSE; largest Israeli tech IPO at the time

Oct 2015

TeslaLaunch

Autopilot V1 launched with Mobileye EyeQ3 chip

Aug 2016

UberLaunch

Uber ATG launched self-driving pilot in Pittsburgh

Dec 2016

WaymoMilestone

Spun out from Google X as Waymo LLC

Jan 2017

Baidu ApolloLaunch

Apollo autonomous driving platform launched as open-source

Mar 2017

Intel (Mobileye parent)Milestone

Intel acquired Mobileye for $15.3B

Apr 2017

WaymoExpansion

Early Rider Program launched in Phoenix

Apr 2017

TeslaMilestone

HW2.5 chip deployed; began building in-house FSD team after Mobileye split

Dec 2017

AuroraLaunch

Founded by Chris Urmson (ex-Google), Sterling Anderson (ex-Tesla), Drew Bagnell (ex-Uber)

Jan 2018

NVIDIALaunch

DRIVE Xavier SoC launched — first autonomous driving chip with 30 TOPS

Dec 2018

WaymoCommercial

Waymo One commercial ride-hailing launched in Phoenix

Apr 2019

TeslaMilestone

HW3 (FSD Computer) launched — first fully in-house autonomous driving chip

Nov 2019

WeRideLaunch

First robotaxi pilot launched in Guangzhou, China

Dec 2019

Pony.aiLaunch

Public robotaxi pilot launched in Guangzhou

Mar 2020

NVIDIAMilestone

DRIVE Orin announced with 254 TOPS — adopted by Mercedes, JLR, BYD, and Hyundai

Jun 2020

ZooxMilestone

Acquired by Amazon for $1.2B

Oct 2020

WaymoCommercial

Fully driverless rides open to public in Phoenix (no safety driver)

Dec 2020

DiDiLaunch

DiDi Autonomous Driving began public testing in Shanghai

Dec 2020

LuminarMilestone

Went public via SPAC; secured Volvo EX90 lidar deal

Jan 2021

AuroraMilestone

Strategic partnership with PACCAR for autonomous trucking

Feb 2021

HesaiLaunch

Launched AT128 automotive-grade lidar — became China's top-shipping lidar

Jun 2021

NIOLaunch

NIO Pilot upgraded to Navigate on Pilot (NOP) for highway autonomous driving

Oct 2021

XPengLaunch

City NGP (Navigation Guided Pilot) launched in Guangzhou — first city-level ADAS in China

Dec 2021

AuroraMilestone

Went public via SPAC merger; acquired Uber ATG

Jan 2022

MobileyeMilestone

EyeQ Ultra announced — 176 TOPS L4 chip targeting full self-driving

Apr 2022

Baidu ApolloCommercial

First fully driverless commercial robotaxi service in Wuhan and Chongqing

Sep 2022

NVIDIAMilestone

DRIVE Thor announced with 2,000 TOPS — next-gen centralized car computer

Oct 2022

Cruise (GM)Commercial

Driverless commercial ride-hailing launched in San Francisco

Oct 2022

MobileyeMilestone

IPO at $16.7B valuation; spun out from Intel

Dec 2022

TeslaExpansion

FSD Beta opened to all North American customers

Feb 2023

HesaiMilestone

Nasdaq IPO; became highest-volume automotive lidar company globally

Mar 2023

QualcommLaunch

Snapdragon Ride Flex launched — single SoC unifying ADAS and cockpit compute

Aug 2023

WaymoExpansion

San Francisco driverless commercial service launched

Aug 2023

XPengExpansion

XNGP expanded to 25+ cities without HD maps — leading mass-market city ADAS

Oct 2023

Cruise (GM)Paused

Operations suspended following pedestrian incident; permits revoked

Nov 2023

Pony.aiCommercial

Fully driverless commercial approval in Beijing

Jan 2024

TeslaMilestone

FSD v12 released — first end-to-end neural network replacing hand-coded rules

Apr 2024

AuroraCommercial

First commercial driverless freight on US public roads (Dallas-Houston)

Apr 2024

MobileyeCommercial

SuperVision hands-free driving launched with Zeekr in China and Europe

Jun 2024

WaymoExpansion

Austin and Atlanta launch; 150K+ weekly rides milestone

Jun 2024

Li AutoExpansion

Li AD Max city NOA expanded to 100+ cities across China

Aug 2024

NIOExpansion

City-level Navigate on Pilot expanded to 200+ cities in China

Oct 2024

TeslaMilestone

Cybercab robotaxi unveiled at 'We, Robot' event — no steering wheel or pedals

Oct 2024

WeRideMilestone

Nasdaq IPO; operations in 30+ cities across 7 countries

Oct 2024

UberExpansion

Waymo robotaxis went live on the Uber app in Atlanta

Nov 2024

Pony.aiMilestone

Nasdaq IPO at $5.4B valuation

Dec 2024

WaymoMilestone

Surpassed 200M cumulative autonomous miles; 450K+ rides per week

Dec 2024

BYDMilestone

Partnered with Huawei and Momenta to deploy city-level NOA across its lineup

Jan 2025

ZooxExpansion

Purpose-built robotaxi began public testing in Las Vegas and SF

Apr 2025

AuroraCommercial

First commercial driverless freight on I-45 Texas (Aurora Driver)

Jun 2025

TeslaCommercial

Commercial robotaxi service launched in Austin with safety drivers

Aug 2025

TeslaCommercial

SF Bay Area Robotaxi launches with safety drivers (CA law)

Oct 2025

AuroraExpansion

Fort Worth-El Paso 600-mile driverless corridor opens

Dec 2025

WaymoMilestone

Crosses 450,000 weekly paid rides; 14M trips in 2025; 20M+ lifetime

Jan 2026

Boston Dynamicsproduction

Atlas (Electric) enters production at Hyundai Metaplant

Jan 2026

AuroraMilestone

250K cumulative driverless miles on public roads

Mar 2026

WaymoMilestone

500,000 weekly paid rides; on track for 1M/week by year-end 2026

Apr 2026

TeslaExpansion

Unsupervised Robotaxi launches in Dallas + Houston

Jul 2026

TeslaExpansion

Robotaxi public rides launch in Miami, first city outside Texas and California

Jul 2026

TeslaExpansion

Robotaxi launches in Orlando and Tampa

Jul 2026

TeslaMilestone

Nevada Transportation Authority grants Tesla Robotaxi LLC an AVNC permit for 10 vehicles in Las Vegas (docket 26-05015). Strip geofence, 45 mph, no airport. Passenger service not started.

Aug 2026

TeslaLaunch

Cybercab launch event announced in Austin. Robotaxi rides Aug 17-23 enter a sweepstakes for 5 invites; winners notified Aug 25. Event date not published.

Aug 2026

TeslaMilestone

NTA commissioners unanimously approve docket 26-05015 for 5,000 fully autonomous Tesla Robotaxis in Las Vegas. Passenger service not started.

Aug 2026

WaymoMilestone

NTA commissioners unanimously approve docket 26-06007 for Waymo in Las Vegas, same vote as Tesla.

NHTSA ADS Incident Reports: Tesla

Tesla's self-reported crashes involving Autopilot or FSD, filed under NHTSA's 2021 ADS reporting order. Useful but manufacturer-reported, not independently verified.

Total Reported

All time

Last 90 Days

Incidents

ADS Engaged

100%

When reported

Most Recent

Jan 2026

Incident date

Incidents by Month

Severity Breakdown

Property damage12

No injuries9

Minor injury5

Unknown2

Crash Partners

Non-Motorist / Cyclist6

Other Fixed Object5

Other4

Passenger Car4

SUV3

Animal1

NHTSA Cumulative Incidents by Operator + Severity

Cumulative NHTSA SGO crash reports since July 2021 across the five largest AV operators, stacked by severity. Tesla's count is larger because its L2 systems ship on millions of cars.

Geofence Cities vs Disclosed Weekly Paid Rides

Commercial city count versus weekly paid rides where the operator discloses rides. Tesla's ride line is blank: Tesla has not disclosed weekly paid robotaxi rides. Waymo rider-only miles by city (below) show utilization inside Waymo's disclosed geofences.

Waymo rider-only miles by geofence (Waymo disclosed, through Mar 2026)

CA DMV Miles per Disengagement (2020-2023)

Historical California tester reports. Each company defines a disengagement, so this is not a crash rate. Cruise's 2023 zero-disengagement filing is omitted. CA DMV later changed the report.

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Autonomous Driving Robotaxis

Weekly Robotaxi Rides by Operator

Robotaxi Operational Cities

Tesla Robotaxi City Rollout

In service

Not in service

Tesla Robotaxi Fleet Mix

Robotaxi Fleet Size by Company

Robotaxi Milestones Timeline

NHTSA ADS Incident Reports: Tesla

Incidents by Month

Severity Breakdown

Crash Partners

NHTSA Cumulative Incidents by Operator + Severity

Geofence Cities vs Disclosed Weekly Paid Rides

CA DMV Miles per Disengagement (2020-2023)

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