Connector Standard Adoption by Region
Share of new DCFC (DC Fast Charging) installations by plug standard. NACS = North American Charging Standard (Tesla's connector, now the US default after Tesla opened it in 2023); CCS = Combined Charging System (the older standard, still dominant in Europe). Sources: DOE AFDC, EAFO, CAAM.
Share of new DC fast charger installations by connector standard. NACS adoption accelerated after Tesla opened its standard in 2023. Sources: DOE AFDC, EAFO, CAAM.
DC Fast Charging Speed Comparison
Max and typical charging power (kW = kilowatts; higher = faster) by network, plus modeled time to 80% on a 75 kWh battery. Real charging tapers as the battery fills, so "max power" is only sustained for the first 20–50% of a session.
| Network | Max kW | Typical kW | Time to 80% | Architecture | Liquid Cooled |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Huawei FusionCharge | 600 | 480 | 10 min | 800V | ✓ |
 Li Auto 5C | 520 | 400 | 12 min | 800V | ✓ |
 Tesla Supercharger V4 | 500 | 200 | 25 min | 400V/800V | ✓ |
 XPeng S4 | 480 | 360 | 15 min | 800V | ✓ |
 Fastned | 400 | 200 | 25 min | 400V/800V | ✓ |
 ChargePoint Express | 400 | 200 | 25 min | 400V/800V | ✓ |
 ABB Terra 360 | 360 | 180 | 27 min | 400V/800V | ✓ |
 IONITY HPC | 350 | 280 | 18 min | 800V | ✓ |
 Electrify America | 350 | 150 | 30 min | 400V/800V | ✓ |
 EVgo eXtend | 350 | 150 | 30 min | 400V/800V | ✓ |
Maximum and typical charging power by network. Time to 80% assumes a 75 kWh battery at typical power delivery.
Battery Swap Station Deployment
Cumulative battery swap stations — facilities where a depleted pack is physically swapped for a charged one in ~3 minutes (vs charging in place). NIO runs swap-only for its own cars; CATL's EVOGO is brand-agnostic and growing fastest. Sources: company filings, EVCIPA.
Cumulative battery swap stations deployed. NIO operates its own stations; CATL's EVOGO is brand-agnostic. Sources: company filings, EVCIPA.